Human genomics has relied on a single reference genome for the last twenty years. This reference genome is a cornerstone of much of what we do in genomics but it can not, by definition, represent the variation present in the human population, and as a reference introduces a pervasive bias into genomic analyses. I will survey our recent efforts, through the Human Pangenome Reference Consortium, to build and use a reference pangenome—a collection of extremely high-quality reference genomes related together by a consensus genome alignment that we intend as a replacement for the reference genome.