Abstract. In his seminal paper on the theory of NP-completeness, Levin proved NP-hardness of the partial function version of the Minimum DNF Size Problem in 1973, but delayed his publication because he hoped to prove NP-hardness of Minimum Circuit Size Problem (MCSP). In this talk, we prove NP-hardness of the partial function version of MCSP. Our proofs are inspired by NP-hardness of learning programs, the question posed by Ker-I Ko in 1990.